Deciding on the expansive world of internet advertising demands a thorough grasp of multiple cost structures . CPI (Cost Per Install), CPL (Cost Per Lead), CPM (Cost Per Mille/Thousand Impressions), and CPV (Cost Per View) each signify a separate method to compensate ad publishers. CPI is ideal

The pervasive nature of ad fraud poses a significant challenge to the digital advertising industry. This comparative analysis examines the diverse methods employed by fraudsters and reveals their effects on advertisers, publishers, and consumers. By evaluating various fraudulent practices across